Question 1
Why are digestive enzymes described as biological catalysts?
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They speed up digestion reactions without being used up
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They are broken down to release energy for cells
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They dissolve food by osmosis only
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They are absorbed unchanged into blood
Question 2
What does amylase mainly digest?
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Starch into sugars
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Proteins into amino acids
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Lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
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Cellulose into glucose in humans
Question 3
What do protease enzymes digest proteins into?
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Amino acids
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Simple sugars
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Fatty acids and glycerol
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Carbon dioxide and water
Question 4
What do lipase enzymes break down lipids into?
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Fatty acids and glycerol
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Amino acids
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Glucose and oxygen
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Starch and maltose
Question 5
Where is bile produced?
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Liver
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Gall bladder
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Pancreas
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Small intestine
Question 6
Where is bile stored before release into the small intestine?
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Gall bladder
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Liver
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Pancreas
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Stomach
Question 7
What are the two key roles of bile in digestion?
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Neutralising stomach acid and emulsifying lipids
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Digesting proteins and producing insulin
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Absorbing glucose and storing glycogen
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Breaking down cellulose and making amylase
Question 8
Which feature of villi helps rapid absorption of digested food?
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Very large surface area
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Thick cell walls
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No blood supply
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Low concentration gradient
Question 9
What is the main function of the heart?
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To pump blood around the body
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To produce red blood cells
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To filter urea from blood
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To absorb oxygen from inhaled air
Question 10
What do coronary arteries supply the heart muscle with?
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Oxygenated blood
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Deoxygenated blood only
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Bile
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Lymph fluid
Question 11
What mainly causes coronary heart disease?
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Fatty deposits narrowing coronary arteries
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Low oxygen in inhaled air
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Too much bile in blood
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Villi damage in the intestine
Question 12
How does a stent help treat coronary heart disease?
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It keeps a narrowed coronary artery open
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It lowers blood cholesterol in the liver
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It replaces damaged heart valves
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It dissolves all blood clots instantly
Question 13
What are statins used to do?
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Reduce blood cholesterol
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Increase blood pressure
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Dissolve artery stents
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Replace damaged heart muscle
Question 14
Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
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Artery
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Vein
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Capillary
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Venule
Question 15
Why do arteries have thick muscular and elastic walls?
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To withstand and maintain high blood pressure
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To allow one-way valves to open
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To maximise diffusion over a short distance
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To carry blood at very low pressure
Question 16
Why do veins contain valves?
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To prevent backflow of blood
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To increase diffusion of oxygen
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To generate pulse pressure
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To produce red blood cells
Question 17
Why are capillary walls only one cell thick?
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To provide a short diffusion distance for exchange
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To withstand the highest blood pressure
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To keep blood separated from all tissues
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To store platelets for clotting
Question 18
What is the main role of plasma in blood?
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Transport dissolved substances around the body
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Carry oxygen using haemoglobin
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Destroy pathogens by phagocytosis
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Cause clotting by forming fibrin
Question 19
How are red blood cells adapted for oxygen transport?
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They contain haemoglobin and have a biconcave shape
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They have a nucleus for rapid division
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They contain chloroplasts for energy release
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They are very large to reduce surface area
Question 20
Which tissue transports dissolved sugars around a plant?
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Phloem
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Xylem
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Epidermis
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Mesophyll
