Question 1
What is the rate of reaction?
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How quickly reactants are changed into products
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The total mass of reactants used
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The final temperature only
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The color of the products
Question 2
Which change usually increases the rate of most reactions?
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Increasing temperature
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Decreasing concentration
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Using larger lumps instead of powder
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Removing all catalysts then cooling
Question 3
Why does increasing temperature often speed up a reaction?
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Particles move faster, so more collisions have enough energy to react
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Particles become heavier
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Fewer collisions happen each second
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The reaction stops at a lower temperature
Question 4
Marble chips react with acid. Which gives the fastest rate?
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Small powdered marble chips
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One large marble chip of the same mass
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Marble chips kept in a freezer
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Marble chips in pure water only
Question 5
How does concentration affect reaction rate in solutions?
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Higher concentration usually gives a faster rate
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Higher concentration always stops reactions
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Concentration has no effect on collisions
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Lower concentration always gives more products per second
Question 6
What does a catalyst do?
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Speeds up a reaction without being used up
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Slows every reaction and is used up
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Adds extra reactant atoms to products
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Makes reactions happen at lower concentration only
Question 7
In decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, manganese dioxide acts as a catalyst. What is true about the catalyst at the end?
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It is still present and can be reused
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It is completely converted into oxygen
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It is always the main product
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It disappears only if gas is collected
Question 8
Which is a valid way to measure reaction rate when a gas is made?
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Measure gas volume every set time interval
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Measure mass once at the start only
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Count atoms directly by eye
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Measure beaker color every second
Question 9
On a graph of gas volume against time, what does a steeper slope mean?
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A faster reaction rate
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A lower concentration of reactants
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The reaction has stopped
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No products are being formed
Question 10
Why does a reaction eventually stop in a closed flask?
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One reactant is used up so effective collisions can no longer continue
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All products turn back instantly into reactants
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Catalysts always switch off after \(10\,\mathrm{s}\)
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Temperature becomes negative
Question 11
If a catalyst is added, what usually happens to the amount of product after the reaction is fully complete?
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It stays the same, but it is made faster
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It always doubles
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It always halves
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No product forms with a catalyst
Question 12
Diluting hydrochloric acid before reacting with magnesium usually makes the reaction?
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Slower
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Faster
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Instantly explosive
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Unchanged in every case
Question 13
Which change would have little direct effect on reaction rate?
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Changing the color of the reaction flask
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Heating the reactants
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Adding a catalyst
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Increasing reactant concentration
Question 14
What is meant by the extent of reaction?
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How far reactants have been converted into products
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How hot the flame is
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The number of atoms in one molecule
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How many different colors are present
Question 15
If a reaction goes to completion, what is true about the limiting reactant?
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It has been completely used up
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Its amount increases over time
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It becomes the catalyst
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It stays unchanged throughout
Question 16
What is a reversible reaction?
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A reaction where products can react to form reactants again
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A reaction that can only happen once
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A reaction that never forms products
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A reaction that only occurs in water
Question 17
At dynamic equilibrium in a closed system, which statement is correct?
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Forward and reverse reactions happen at equal rates
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Both reactions stop completely
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Only the forward reaction continues
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Only the reverse reaction continues
Question 18
A gas syringe reads \(30\,\mathrm{cm^3}\) after \(15\,\mathrm{s}\). What is the average gas production rate?
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\(2\,\mathrm{cm^3\,s^{-1}}\)
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\(0.5\,\mathrm{cm^3\,s^{-1}}\)
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\(15\,\mathrm{cm^3\,s^{-1}}\)
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\(45\,\mathrm{cm^3\,s^{-1}}\)
Question 19
Which condition gives the most frequent particle collisions in a gas reaction?
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High pressure with the same amount of gas
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Low pressure with the same amount of gas
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Lower temperature and larger volume
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Using a larger reaction flask at lower concentration
Question 20
In the reaction \(\mathrm{CaCO}_3 + 2\mathrm{HCl} \to \mathrm{CaCl}_2 + \mathrm{CO}_2 + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}\), what does a faster fizzing rate indicate?
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CO2 is being produced more quickly
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Less CO2 is produced overall
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No acid is reacting
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The reaction has reached equilibrium and stopped
Question 21
What is the rate of reaction?
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The amount of reactant used or product formed per unit time
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The total mass of products at the end
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The temperature change only
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The pH of the reaction mixture only
Question 22
\(40\,\mathrm{cm^3}\) of gas is produced in \(20\,\mathrm{s}\). What is the mean rate?
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\(2\,\mathrm{cm^3\,s^{-1}}\)
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\(0.5\,\mathrm{cm^3\,s^{-1}}\)
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\(20\,\mathrm{cm^3\,s^{-1}}\)
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\(800\,\mathrm{cm^3\,s^{-1}}\)
Question 23
Why does increasing temperature usually increase reaction rate?
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More particles have energy greater than activation energy
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Particles become heavier
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Activation energy increases
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There are fewer collisions per second
Question 24
Why does increasing concentration often increase reaction rate?
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Particles are closer together so collisions happen more frequently
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Particles move more slowly
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Activation energy is removed
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Reactant particles become catalysts
Question 25
Why does increasing pressure usually increase the rate of gas reactions?
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Gas particles are closer so collision frequency increases
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Gas particles lose kinetic energy
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There are fewer gas particles present
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Only catalysts are affected by pressure
Question 26
Why does powdered calcium carbonate react faster than marble chips of the same mass?
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Powder has a larger surface area, so more frequent successful collisions occur
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Powder has stronger ionic bonds
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Powder has higher activation energy
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Marble chips contain no carbonate
Question 27
What does a catalyst do to a reaction profile?
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Lowers activation energy but does not change overall energy change
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Lowers the energy of products only
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Increases activation energy and yield
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Changes an endothermic reaction to exothermic always
Question 28
Why does rate usually decrease as a reaction proceeds?
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Reactant concentration decreases, so fewer successful collisions occur
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Activation energy increases over time automatically
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Products always block all collisions
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Catalyst concentration always drops to zero
Question 29
A reversible reaction is best described as one where?
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Products can react to re-form reactants
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The reaction can only go forward
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No products are formed
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All reactions stop at room temperature
Question 30
What does dynamic equilibrium mean in a closed system?
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Forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates
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Both reactions have stopped
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Only forward reaction occurs
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Amounts of reactants and products must be equal
Question 31
Why is a closed system needed for equilibrium?
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So reactants/products cannot escape and concentrations can stabilise
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So temperature cannot change
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So catalysts are not needed
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So pressure is always zero
Question 32
At equilibrium, increasing reactant concentration shifts the equilibrium in which direction?
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Toward products
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Toward reactants
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Nowhere because equilibrium cannot move
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Randomly with no pattern
Question 33
At equilibrium, what happens when a product is removed?
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Shift toward products to replace what was removed
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Shift toward reactants only
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Stop reacting immediately
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Become irreversible
Question 34
For an exothermic forward reaction, increasing temperature shifts equilibrium?
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Toward reactants (the endothermic direction)
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Toward products always
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Nowhere because temperature has no effect
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Toward the side with fewer molecules only
Question 35
For \(\mathrm{N}_2 + 3\mathrm{H}_2 \rightleftharpoons 2\mathrm{NH}_3\), increasing pressure shifts equilibrium?
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Toward NH3 because there are fewer gas molecules on that side
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Toward N2 and H2 because pressure breaks NH3
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Nowhere because pressure has no effect on gases
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Toward the side with more molecules
Question 36
What is the effect of a catalyst on the position of equilibrium?
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No change in position; it speeds up both forward and reverse reactions
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Shifts equilibrium toward products permanently
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Shifts equilibrium toward reactants permanently
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Stops the reverse reaction
Question 37
Which graph feature indicates a faster initial rate when plotting gas volume against time?
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A steeper initial gradient
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A lower final gas volume
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A longer time to reach plateau
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A flatter initial gradient
Question 38
What is collision theory?
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Reactions occur when particles collide with enough energy and correct orientation
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Reactions occur when particles are motionless
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Only ionic particles can react
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Collisions always cause reactions regardless of energy
Question 39
In the equilibrium \(2\mathrm{NO}_2(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{N}_2\mathrm{O}_4(\mathrm{g})\), increasing pressure shifts equilibrium?
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Toward N2O4 (fewer gas molecules)
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Toward NO2 (more gas molecules)
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Nowhere because pressure does not affect equilibrium
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Toward whichever side is endothermic only
Question 40
In a rate experiment, \(12\,\mathrm{g}\) of reactant are used in \(4\,\mathrm{min}\). What is the mean rate in \(\mathrm{g\,min^{-1}}\)?
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\(3\,\mathrm{g\,min^{-1}}\)
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\(0.33\,\mathrm{g\,min^{-1}}\)
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\(8\,\mathrm{g\,min^{-1}}\)
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\(48\,\mathrm{g\,min^{-1}}\)