Question 1
What do organic compounds always contain?
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Carbon
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Only oxygen
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Only metals
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No hydrogen
Question 2
Crude oil is best described as?
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A mixture of hydrocarbons
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A pure compound of carbon dioxide
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A single alkane only
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A mixture of metal salts
Question 3
Which atoms are present in a hydrocarbon?
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Hydrogen and carbon
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Hydrogen and oxygen only
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Carbon and oxygen only
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Hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen only
Question 4
Which is an alkane?
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Methane (CH4)
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Ethene (C2H4)
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Water (H2O)
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Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Question 5
Which formula is propane?
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C3H8
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C3H6
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C2H6
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CH4
Question 6
What is the general formula for alkanes?
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CnH2n+2
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CnH2n
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CnHn
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CnH2n-2
Question 7
What are the products of complete combustion of methane?
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Carbon dioxide and water
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Carbon monoxide and water only
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Carbon and hydrogen
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Only carbon dioxide
Question 8
Which equation shows complete combustion of methane?
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\(\mathrm{CH}_{4} + 2\mathrm{O}_{2} \to \mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\)
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\(\mathrm{CH}_{4} + \mathrm{O}_{2} \to \mathrm{CO} + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\)
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\(2\mathrm{CH}_{4} + \mathrm{O}_{2} \to 2\mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\)
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\(\mathrm{CH}_{4} \to \mathrm{C} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\)
Question 9
When is incomplete combustion more likely?
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Not enough oxygen
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Excess oxygen
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A catalyst only
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Very low pressure only
Question 10
Which harmful gas can form during incomplete combustion?
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Carbon monoxide
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Oxygen
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Nitrogen
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Hydrogen
Question 11
Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?
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It reduces the blood's ability to carry oxygen
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It always explodes in air at room temperature
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It turns into pure oxygen in lungs
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It is harmless in enclosed spaces
Question 12
How are fractions separated from crude oil?
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By fractional distillation
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By filtration through paper
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By chromatography only
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By neutralisation with alkali
Question 13
Fractions are separated in a distillation column mainly because they have different?
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Boiling points
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Densities only
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Colors
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Numbers of neutrons
Question 14
In a fractional distillation column, which fractions leave near the bottom?
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Fractions with higher boiling points
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Fractions with lower boiling points
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Only gases
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Only the shortest-chain hydrocarbons
Question 15
What does cracking do to long-chain hydrocarbons?
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Breaks them into shorter alkanes and alkenes
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Combines them into polymers directly
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Adds oxygen to form acids only
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Removes all carbon atoms
Question 16
An alkene differs from an alkane because an alkene has?
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At least one C=C double bond
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No carbon atoms
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Only single C-C bonds
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A metal atom in every molecule
Question 17
Which formula is ethene?
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C2H4
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C2H6
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C3H8
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CH4
Question 18
What happens to orange bromine water when added to an alkene?
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It is decolorized (turns colorless)
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It turns purple
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It turns cloudy white only
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There is never any color change
Question 19
What is a polymer?
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A large molecule made from many repeating monomer units
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A mixture of gases from crude oil
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A metal with delocalized electrons
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A substance made only of ionic bonds
Question 20
Why is burning fossil fuels a concern for climate?
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It increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
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It removes all greenhouse gases
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It decreases global temperature in every region
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It has no effect on atmospheric composition
Question 21
Crude oil is best described as?
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A finite mixture of hydrocarbons
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A pure alkane
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A renewable biofuel
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A compound made only of carbon
Question 22
What is a hydrocarbon?
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A compound containing hydrogen and carbon
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A compound containing hydrogen and oxygen only
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Any compound containing carbon dioxide
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Any fuel containing nitrogen
Question 23
What is the general formula for alkanes?
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CnH2n+2
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CnH2n
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CnHn
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CnH2n-2
Question 24
Which formula is hexane?
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C6H14
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C6H12
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C6H6
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C6H16
Question 25
What type of carbon-carbon bonds are found in a saturated hydrocarbon?
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Single carbon-carbon bonds
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At least one carbon-carbon double bond
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At least one carbon-carbon triple bond
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No carbon-hydrogen bonds
Question 26
What are the products of complete combustion of an alkane?
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Carbon dioxide and water
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Carbon monoxide and hydrogen only
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Carbon and oxygen only
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Hydrogen and oxygen only
Question 27
When is incomplete combustion more likely?
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A limited supply of oxygen
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An excess of oxygen
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A catalyst only
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Low pressure nitrogen only
Question 28
Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?
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It binds strongly to haemoglobin, reducing oxygen transport
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It makes blood carry more oxygen
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It is harmless because it is odorless
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It turns instantly into oxygen in lungs
Question 29
How does boiling point usually change as alkane chain length increases?
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Increases
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Decreases
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Stays constant
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Alternates up and down regularly
Question 30
Why do longer-chain hydrocarbons have higher boiling points?
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They have stronger intermolecular forces between molecules
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They have ionic bonds between molecules
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Their covalent bonds are easier to break
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They contain more oxygen atoms
Question 31
Fractional distillation separates crude oil fractions mainly by differences in what property?
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Boiling point
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Color
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pH
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Density only
Question 32
In a fractionating column, low boiling point fractions are collected?
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Near the top
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Near the bottom
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Only in the middle
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Outside the column only
Question 33
Why is cracking used in the petrochemical industry?
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To convert less useful long-chain hydrocarbons into more useful smaller molecules
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To remove all hydrogen from fuels
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To increase sulfur content of fuels
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To purify oxygen from crude oil
Question 34
What is a key condition needed for cracking?
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Vaporised hydrocarbons passed over a hot catalyst
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Cold hydrocarbons dissolved in water
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High pressure chlorine gas only
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Aqueous electrolysis at room temperature
Question 35
What is the general formula of alkenes?
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CnH2n
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CnH2n+2
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CnHn
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CnH2n-2
Question 36
What is the test for an alkene?
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Orange bromine water is decolorized
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Limewater turns milky
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A glowing splint relights
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Damp red litmus turns blue
Question 37
What product forms when ethene is hydrated?
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Ethanol
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Ethanoic acid
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Methanol
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Propane
Question 38
Ethanol can be produced by fermentation using?
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Yeast under anaerobic conditions
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Oxygen-rich electrolysis only
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Catalytic cracking of water
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Reaction of methane with chlorine
Question 39
Carboxylic acids in water are generally?
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Weak acids
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Strong alkalis
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Neutral salts
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Insoluble bases only
Question 40
Which equation represents complete combustion of ethene?
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\(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{4} + 3\mathrm{O}_{2} \to 2\mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\)
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\(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{4} + \mathrm{O}_{2} \to 2\mathrm{CO} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\)
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\(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{4} + 2\mathrm{O}_{2} \to 2\mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\)
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\(2\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{4} + \mathrm{O}_{2} \to 4\mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\)