Question 1
For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, which equation holds?
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\(pV = \text{constant}\)
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\(p = \frac{V}{T}\)
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\(pV = T\)
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\(V = pT\)
Question 2
A gas has pressure \(120\,\mathrm{kPa}\) at \(2\,\mathrm{m^3}\). If volume falls to \(1\,\mathrm{m^3}\) at the same temperature, what is the pressure?
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\(240\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
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\(60\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
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\(80\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
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\(120\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
Question 3
Why does the pressure rise when temperature increases in a sealed gas?
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Particles move faster and collide more often with the container walls
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Particles get heavier
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Volume increases automatically
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Gas becomes solid
Question 4
Which equation calculates the energy needed to raise temperature?
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\(\Delta E = mc\Delta \theta\)
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\(\Delta E = mL\)
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\(\Delta E = P + t\)
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\(\Delta E = \frac{mc}{\Delta \theta}\)
Question 5
How much energy is required to raise \(2\,\mathrm{kg}\) of copper (\(c = 390\,\mathrm{J/(kg\,^\circ C)}\)) by \(60\,\^\circ\mathrm{C}\)?
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\(46800\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(4680\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(78000\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(23400\,\mathrm{J}\)
Question 6
Which equation gives the energy for a change of state?
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\(E = mL\)
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\(E = mc\Delta \theta\)
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\(E = Pt\)
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\(E = \frac{m}{L}\)
Question 7
How much energy is needed to vaporise \(0.5\,\mathrm{kg}\) of water if \(L_v = 2.3 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J/kg}\)?
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\(1.15 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(1.15 \times 10^5\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(4.6 \times 10^5\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(2.3 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J}\)
Question 8
Why does the latent heat of vaporisation differ from the latent heat of fusion?
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It is the energy needed to change a liquid to a gas
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It is always smaller
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It changes temperature during the process
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It depends on pressure only
Question 9
What is internal energy made up of?
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Kinetic and potential energy
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Mass and charge
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Temperature and magnetism
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Speed and colour
Question 10
During melting, why does the temperature stay constant despite energy input?
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Energy increases the particle spacing without raising temperature
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The energy is lost as light
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The container absorbs all energy
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Particles stop moving
Question 11
Why are solids usually denser than liquids?
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Their particles are arranged more closely together
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Their particles move faster
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Their particles carry more charge
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Their particles have more volume
Question 12
How would you find the density of an irregular object?
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Measure its mass and its volume by displacement
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Run current through it
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Weigh it in vacuum
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Measure its surface area
Question 13
Which equation defines density?
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\(\rho = \frac{m}{V}\)
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\(\rho = mV\)
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\(\rho = \frac{V}{m}\)
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\(\rho = m + V\)
Question 14
Which observation is evidence for the particle model?
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Dust grains jitter because gas molecules collide with them
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The sky is blue
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Metals conduct electricity
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Water boils at \(100\,\^\circ\mathrm{C}\)
Question 15
If the volume of a gas increases at constant temperature, what happens to the pressure?
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Decreases
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Increases
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Stays the same
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Becomes zero
Question 16
What happens to gas particles when their average kinetic energy increases?
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Move faster
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Move slower
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Disappear
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Turn into solid
Question 17
When a gas expands, why does the pressure drop?
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Particles collide less frequently with the container walls
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Particles become heavier
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Temperature drops
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Volume decreases
Question 18
Convert \(20\,\mathrm{°C}\) to kelvin using \(K = \theta + 273\).
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\(293\,\mathrm{K}\)
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\(253\,\mathrm{K}\)
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\(20\,\mathrm{K}\)
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\(293\,\mathrm{°C}\)
Question 19
Why is ice less dense than liquid water?
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Its particles form an open lattice with more space
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It contains less mass
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Its particles move faster
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It has more charge
Question 20
When a gas is compressed slowly at constant temperature, what happens to the internal energy?
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Remains the same
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Doubles
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Drops to zero
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Turns into mass
Question 21
Which statement about pressure arises from the particle model?
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Collisions of particles with walls per unit area produce pressure
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Pressure is caused by chemical bonds
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Sound creates pressure only
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Only liquids exert pressure
Question 22
Why does heating a gas increase its pressure at constant volume?
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Particles move faster and hit the walls more often and harder
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They gain charge
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They collapse
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Volume increases
Question 23
Which property is constant during pressure-volume change at constant temperature?
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The product pV
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p + V
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p - V
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\(p^2V\)
Question 24
A gas expands doing work. Where does the energy come from?
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Internal energy of the gas decreases
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Nothing happens
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Energy appears from nowhere
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The container loses electrons
Question 25
Which measurement technique gives the precise volume of an irregular solid?
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Displacement in a measuring cylinder
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Mercury thermometer
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Ruler draw
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Electric meter
Question 26
Why does gas pressure increase when the volume is reduced at constant temperature?
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Particles strike the container walls more frequently.
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The particles slow down so kinetic energy decreases.
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There are fewer particles after the volume change.
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Pressure only depends on the amount of gas, not volume.