Particle Model of Matter questions

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Particle Model of Matter question collection

Review Particle Model of Matter questions for Physics, with correct answers shown and coverage across density and particle arrangement; internal energy; specific heat capacity and latent heat.

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Question 1

For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, which equation holds?
  1. \(pV = \text{constant}\)
  2. \(p = \frac{V}{T}\)
  3. \(pV = T\)
  4. \(V = pT\)

Question 2

A gas has pressure \(120\,\mathrm{kPa}\) at \(2\,\mathrm{m^3}\). If volume falls to \(1\,\mathrm{m^3}\) at the same temperature, what is the pressure?
  1. \(240\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
  2. \(60\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
  3. \(80\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
  4. \(120\,\mathrm{kPa}\)

Question 3

Why does the pressure rise when temperature increases in a sealed gas?
  1. Particles move faster and collide more often with the container walls
  2. Particles get heavier
  3. Volume increases automatically
  4. Gas becomes solid

Question 4

Which equation calculates the energy needed to raise temperature?
  1. \(\Delta E = mc\Delta \theta\)
  2. \(\Delta E = mL\)
  3. \(\Delta E = P + t\)
  4. \(\Delta E = \frac{mc}{\Delta \theta}\)

Question 5

How much energy is required to raise \(2\,\mathrm{kg}\) of copper (\(c = 390\,\mathrm{J/(kg\,^\circ C)}\)) by \(60\,\^\circ\mathrm{C}\)?
  1. \(46800\,\mathrm{J}\)
  2. \(4680\,\mathrm{J}\)
  3. \(78000\,\mathrm{J}\)
  4. \(23400\,\mathrm{J}\)

Question 6

Which equation gives the energy for a change of state?
  1. \(E = mL\)
  2. \(E = mc\Delta \theta\)
  3. \(E = Pt\)
  4. \(E = \frac{m}{L}\)

Question 7

How much energy is needed to vaporise \(0.5\,\mathrm{kg}\) of water if \(L_v = 2.3 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J/kg}\)?
  1. \(1.15 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J}\)
  2. \(1.15 \times 10^5\,\mathrm{J}\)
  3. \(4.6 \times 10^5\,\mathrm{J}\)
  4. \(2.3 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J}\)

Question 8

Why does the latent heat of vaporisation differ from the latent heat of fusion?
  1. It is the energy needed to change a liquid to a gas
  2. It is always smaller
  3. It changes temperature during the process
  4. It depends on pressure only

Question 9

What is internal energy made up of?
  1. Kinetic and potential energy
  2. Mass and charge
  3. Temperature and magnetism
  4. Speed and colour

Question 10

During melting, why does the temperature stay constant despite energy input?
  1. Energy increases the particle spacing without raising temperature
  2. The energy is lost as light
  3. The container absorbs all energy
  4. Particles stop moving

Question 11

Why are solids usually denser than liquids?
  1. Their particles are arranged more closely together
  2. Their particles move faster
  3. Their particles carry more charge
  4. Their particles have more volume

Question 12

How would you find the density of an irregular object?
  1. Measure its mass and its volume by displacement
  2. Run current through it
  3. Weigh it in vacuum
  4. Measure its surface area

Question 13

Which equation defines density?
  1. \(\rho = \frac{m}{V}\)
  2. \(\rho = mV\)
  3. \(\rho = \frac{V}{m}\)
  4. \(\rho = m + V\)

Question 14

Which observation is evidence for the particle model?
  1. Dust grains jitter because gas molecules collide with them
  2. The sky is blue
  3. Metals conduct electricity
  4. Water boils at \(100\,\^\circ\mathrm{C}\)

Question 15

If the volume of a gas increases at constant temperature, what happens to the pressure?
  1. Decreases
  2. Increases
  3. Stays the same
  4. Becomes zero

Question 16

What happens to gas particles when their average kinetic energy increases?
  1. Move faster
  2. Move slower
  3. Disappear
  4. Turn into solid

Question 17

When a gas expands, why does the pressure drop?
  1. Particles collide less frequently with the container walls
  2. Particles become heavier
  3. Temperature drops
  4. Volume decreases

Question 18

Convert \(20\,\mathrm{°C}\) to kelvin using \(K = \theta + 273\).
  1. \(293\,\mathrm{K}\)
  2. \(253\,\mathrm{K}\)
  3. \(20\,\mathrm{K}\)
  4. \(293\,\mathrm{°C}\)

Question 19

Why is ice less dense than liquid water?
  1. Its particles form an open lattice with more space
  2. It contains less mass
  3. Its particles move faster
  4. It has more charge

Question 20

When a gas is compressed slowly at constant temperature, what happens to the internal energy?
  1. Remains the same
  2. Doubles
  3. Drops to zero
  4. Turns into mass

Question 21

Which statement about pressure arises from the particle model?
  1. Collisions of particles with walls per unit area produce pressure
  2. Pressure is caused by chemical bonds
  3. Sound creates pressure only
  4. Only liquids exert pressure

Question 22

Why does heating a gas increase its pressure at constant volume?
  1. Particles move faster and hit the walls more often and harder
  2. They gain charge
  3. They collapse
  4. Volume increases

Question 23

Which property is constant during pressure-volume change at constant temperature?
  1. The product pV
  2. p + V
  3. p - V
  4. \(p^2V\)

Question 24

A gas expands doing work. Where does the energy come from?
  1. Internal energy of the gas decreases
  2. Nothing happens
  3. Energy appears from nowhere
  4. The container loses electrons

Question 25

Which measurement technique gives the precise volume of an irregular solid?
  1. Displacement in a measuring cylinder
  2. Mercury thermometer
  3. Ruler draw
  4. Electric meter

Question 26

Why does gas pressure increase when the volume is reduced at constant temperature?
  1. Particles strike the container walls more frequently.
  2. The particles slow down so kinetic energy decreases.
  3. There are fewer particles after the volume change.
  4. Pressure only depends on the amount of gas, not volume.

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Review Particle Model of Matter questions for Physics, with correct answers shown and coverage across density and particle arrangement; internal energy; specific heat capacity and latent heat.

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