Question 1
What does a wave transfer from one place to another?
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Energy
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Mass
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Matter
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Electrical charge
Question 2
Which word describes the distance between successive crests on a wave?
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Wavelength
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Amplitude
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Frequency
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Period
Question 3
Frequency is measured in which units?
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Hertz (Hz)
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Metres per second (m/s)
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Newtons (N)
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Watts (W)
Question 4
What is amplitude?
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The maximum displacement from the rest position
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The number of waves per second
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The number of crests and troughs combined
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The speed at which the wave travels
Question 5
Which type of wave is formed by compressions and rarefactions in a medium?
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Longitudinal
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Transverse
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Electromagnetic
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Circular
Question 6
Which type of wave is shown by ripples on the surface of water?
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Transverse
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Longitudinal
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Sound
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Ultrasonic
Question 7
Which equation links wave speed \(v\), frequency \(f\) and wavelength \(\lambda\)?
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\(v = f\lambda\)
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\(v = f + \lambda\)
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\(v = \frac{f}{\lambda}\)
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\(v = \frac{\lambda}{f}\)
Question 8
A wave travels at constant speed in a medium. If its frequency doubles, what happens to the wavelength?
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It halves
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It doubles
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It stays the same
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It becomes zero
Question 9
Which statement is true for sound waves?
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They are longitudinal and need a material medium
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They are transverse and travel in a vacuum
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They do not transfer energy
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They always travel faster than light
Question 10
Why is ultrasound used in medical imaging?
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It reflects from boundaries inside the body and helps build an image
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It ionises tissues to destroy cells
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It circulates the blood without reflection
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It travels slower than normal sound making it safe
Question 11
What happens when two identical waves arrive in phase?
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Their amplitudes add to give a larger wave
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They cancel completely
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They travel backwards
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They disappear into the medium
Question 12
When drawing a ray diagram for a plane mirror, what is true about the angles?
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Angle of incidence equals angle of reflection
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Angle of reflection is double the angle of incidence
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Angles are always \(90^\circ\)
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Angles are unrelated
Question 13
Why does refraction occur when a wave enters a different material?
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The wave changes speed and so its direction alters
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The wave loses energy thus shrinking
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The wave becomes stationary
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The wave splits into particles
Question 14
What is the name for a wave transferring energy into a material and heating it?
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Absorption
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Reflection
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Refraction
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Transmission
Question 15
Why can light travel through a vacuum but sound cannot?
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Light is electromagnetic so it needs no medium, sound does
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Light is heavier so travels better
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Sound has zero energy in a vacuum
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Light is a particle, sound is a wave
Question 16
Which technology uses waves to measure depth underwater?
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Sonar (ultrasound)
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Radar (radio waves)
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MRI (magnetic fields)
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Thermography (infrared)
Question 17
What do you call the reflection of sound from a surface that returns to the source?
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An echo
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A shadow
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A refraction
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A diffraction
Question 18
Which property of a sound wave determines its pitch?
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Frequency
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Amplitude
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Wavelength
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Energy
Question 19
What happens to the energy of a wave that is absorbed by a material?
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It transfers to the material, often heating it
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It disappears
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It creates new waves with zero energy
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It turns into magnetic fields only
Question 20
Which diagram tool shows how rays travel when forming images in mirrors or cameras?
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Ray diagram
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Periodogram
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Force diagram
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Distance-time graph
Question 21
Which wave property is directly linked to the energy carried by each pulse?
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Amplitude
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Frequency
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Wavelength
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Period
Question 22
Which equation links wave speed \(v\), frequency \(f\) and wavelength \(\lambda\)?
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\(v = f\lambda\)
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\(v = f + \lambda\)
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\(v = \frac{f}{\lambda}\)
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\(v = \frac{\lambda}{f}\)
Question 23
If a wave has wavelength \(0.2\,\mathrm{m}\) and frequency \(5\,\mathrm{Hz}\), what is its speed?
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\(1\,\mathrm{m/s}\)
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\(0.04\,\mathrm{m/s}\)
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\(25\,\mathrm{m/s}\)
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\(5\,\mathrm{m/s}\)
Question 24
What does a larger amplitude indicate about a wave?
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More energy transferred
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Lower frequency
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Slower speed
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Shorter wavelength
Question 25
How is period \(T\) related to frequency \(f\)?
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\(T = \frac{1}{f}\)
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\(T = f\)
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\(T = f^2\)
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\(T = f + 1\)
Question 26
What is the frequency of a wave with period \(0.1\,\mathrm{s}\)?
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\(10\,\mathrm{Hz}\)
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\(0.1\,\mathrm{Hz}\)
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\(100\,\mathrm{Hz}\)
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\(1\,\mathrm{Hz}\)
Question 27
Which type of wave needs a medium and is longitudinal?
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Sound wave
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Radio wave
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Light wave
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Ultraviolet wave
Question 28
Which statement describes electromagnetic waves?
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They travel at the same speed in a vacuum regardless of frequency
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They require a medium
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Their speed varies with intensity
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They only carry sound
Question 29
Which wave type can be polarized?
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Light wave
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Sound wave
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Seismic longitudinal wave
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Pressure wave in fluids
Question 30
According to the law of reflection, what does the angle of incidence equal?
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The angle of reflection
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The wavelength
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The angle of refraction
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The amplitude
Question 31
Why does refraction occur when a wave enters a new medium?
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Its speed changes causing direction change
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Amplitude becomes zero
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Frequency doubles
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It stops immediately
Question 32
When is diffraction most noticeable?
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When the gap size is close to the wavelength
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When the gap is much smaller than the wavelength
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When the waves are longitudinal only
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When it is underwater only
Question 33
In ultrasound imaging, what do pulses reflect from?
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Boundaries between materials of different densities
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Magnetic fields
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Color changes
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Electrical currents
Question 34
Which equation gives wave speed when you know distance and time?
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\(v = \frac{d}{t}\)
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\(v = dt\)
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\(v = d + t\)
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\(v = t / d\)
Question 35
Which property determines the pitch of a sound?
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Frequency
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Amplitude
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Wavelength
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Energy
Question 36
Why can light travel through a vacuum?
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It is an electromagnetic wave
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It is longitudinal
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It requires air
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It is always slow
Question 37
Which EM waves are appropriate for radar detection?
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Microwaves
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Infrared
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Ultraviolet
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Gamma
Question 38
Why are fiber optics useful for communication?
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Light suffers less attenuation and can carry data quickly
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Light slows down dramatically
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They require metals to conduct
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They only transmit sound
Question 39
Which statement about the electromagnetic spectrum is correct?
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Longer wavelengths have lower frequency
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Longer wavelengths always have higher energy
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Frequency is unrelated to wavelength
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Only radio waves carry information
Question 40
What happens to wave energy when a wave is absorbed?
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It transfers to the absorbing material often heating it
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It disappears
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It becomes mass
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It increases amplitude
Question 41
Which tool helps construct ray diagrams for lenses and mirrors?
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A straight-edge and ruler
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Thermometer
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Ammeter
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Spectrometer
Question 42
Which term describes energy per unit time carried by a wave?
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Intensity
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Frequency
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Period
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Amplitude
Question 43
Why does a sound wave take longer to travel through air at lower temperature?
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Particles move slower reducing wave speed
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Frequency increases
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Amplitude drops
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Mass decreases
Question 44
Which type of interference produces a louder sound?
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Constructive interference
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Destructive interference
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Polarizing interference
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Damped interference
Question 45
Why is ultrasound safe for imaging?
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It is non-ionising and reflected echoes form images
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It is light
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It causes nuclear decay
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It travels infinitely
Question 46
How does changing frequency affect refraction?
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Frequency stays the same, speed and wavelength change
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Frequency changes
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Speed stays constant
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Wavelength becomes negative