Nutrition and Digestion questions

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Nutrition and Digestion question collection

Review Nutrition and Digestion questions for Biology, with correct answers shown and coverage across nutrients and balanced diets; digestive organs and their functions; enzymes in digestion.

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Question 1

Which nutrient is mainly used for growth and tissue repair?
  1. Protein
  2. Carbohydrate
  3. Lipid
  4. Vitamin C

Question 2

Which nutrient is the body's main source of energy in a balanced diet?
  1. Carbohydrate
  2. Protein
  3. Fibre
  4. Mineral ions

Question 3

Which nutrient provides long-term energy storage and insulation?
  1. Lipids
  2. Proteins
  3. Water
  4. Vitamin D

Question 4

What is the main function of dietary fibre in the gut?
  1. It helps food move through the digestive system
  2. It is digested to release glucose quickly
  3. It provides all essential amino acids
  4. It neutralises stomach acid directly

Question 5

Why is water essential in a healthy diet?
  1. It acts as a solvent and is needed for many chemical reactions
  2. It replaces all vitamins in food
  3. It is the only nutrient that provides energy
  4. It is converted into protein in the stomach

Question 6

A severe lack of vitamin C can cause which deficiency disease?
  1. Scurvy
  2. Rickets
  3. Type 1 diabetes
  4. Coronary heart disease

Question 7

What is a long-term lack of iron most likely to cause?
  1. Anaemia
  2. Scurvy
  3. Obesity
  4. Asthma

Question 8

What usually causes mass gain leading to obesity over time?
  1. Energy intake is consistently greater than energy use
  2. Energy use is always greater than intake
  3. Eating too much fibre alone
  4. Having a low resting heart rate

Question 9

Where does most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption take place?
  1. Small intestine
  2. Stomach
  3. Large intestine
  4. Oesophagus

Question 10

What is an enzyme?
  1. A biological catalyst
  2. A type of sugar
  3. A digestive organ
  4. A mineral used in bones

Question 11

Which enzyme starts starch digestion in the mouth?
  1. Amylase
  2. Protease
  3. Lipase
  4. Bile

Question 12

What do protease enzymes break proteins into?
  1. Amino acids
  2. Fatty acids and glycerol
  3. Starch molecules
  4. Mineral salts

Question 13

What do lipase enzymes break lipids into?
  1. Fatty acids and glycerol
  2. Amino acids
  3. Glucose only
  4. Carbon dioxide and water

Question 14

Why does the stomach contain hydrochloric acid?
  1. It creates a low pH for protease action and helps kill pathogens
  2. It neutralises all enzymes in food
  3. It emulsifies fats into tiny droplets
  4. It absorbs glucose directly into blood

Question 15

Where is bile produced?
  1. Liver
  2. Pancreas
  3. Stomach
  4. Gall bladder

Question 16

What are the two main roles of bile in digestion?
  1. It neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies lipids
  2. It digests protein and stores glucose
  3. It lowers intestinal pH and kills enzymes
  4. It absorbs amino acids and forms urea

Question 17

Which adaptation of villi helps rapid nutrient absorption?
  1. Large surface area
  2. Thick waxy cuticle
  3. No blood supply
  4. Large air spaces

Question 18

Why are helpful bacteria in the digestive system important?
  1. They help break down some food and support gut health
  2. They digest cellulose in human lungs
  3. They replace all digestive enzymes
  4. They stop all water absorption

Question 19

Which statement best describes a balanced diet?
  1. It provides appropriate amounts of nutrients and energy
  2. It contains only protein and water
  3. It avoids all fats
  4. It supplies the same energy for everyone

Question 20

For plant nutrition, roots absorb which two substances from soil?
  1. Water and mineral ions
  2. Glucose and oxygen
  3. Starch and carbon dioxide
  4. Protein and fat

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Review Nutrition and Digestion questions for Biology, with correct answers shown and coverage across nutrients and balanced diets; digestive organs and their functions; enzymes in digestion.

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